Ultrasound diagnostics
The use of ultrasound for diagnostic purposes (also called sonography) is the most widespread examination procedure worldwide and is considered the gentlest method for looking inside a patient, as it involves no radiation exposure and thus virtually eliminates the risk of biological damage. Ultrasound was first used for orthopedic purposes in 1978.
Ultrasound refers to waves that are outside the range of human hearing (ultrasound frequencies are between 20,000 Hz and 1,000 MHz). In medicine, they are generated to allow for more precise tissue examination via a monitor. For this purpose, a gel is applied to the skin's surface so that the ultrasound transducer can be placed without any interfering air pockets between the device and the tissue. This is necessary because only solid tissue can be examined using ultrasound, which explains why cavities such as the lungs or intestines are difficult to examine using this method. When the ultrasound waves encounter solid tissue, the tissue reflects the sound, and the time between transmission and reception allows information about the tissue thickness to be determined.
The great advantage of sonography is that the examination can also take place during movement, which allows for a more targeted diagnosis of diseases of the body that, for example, only occur during certain movements.
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